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the harlem cultural festival 1969

Sly & the Family Stone explored the humanity and equality of all people who have to live together with Everyday People. The artists made people want to laugh, dance, fall in love, and advocate for themselves at the same time. Jesse Jackson, Nina Simone, B.B. The citys new mayor, John Lindsay, felt the initiative could help ease some racial tensions and appease Black residents. The Harlem Cultural Festival, with its six free shows from June 29 to August 24, 1969, was different; it appealed to a large cross-section of the community, drawing families and churchgoers as well as the youth of New York City. Professor of African-American Studies at Yale University. Unlike Woodstock, these concerts were no sybaritic celebration of hippie counterculture, but a direct response to the profound losses and violence endured by Black activists and progressives that preceded that summer. "As opposed to, say, Wattstax, where you see a kitschy funkifying of 70s America. The first two festivals were relatively successful, but the 1969 event made major waves. The total attendance was some 300,000 people strong. And we're still doing that today in the Bush years. Think about it; anyone can go onto YouTube and easily find video of iconic performances at Woodstock or clips from a documentary. The archival performances within are extraordinary and easily stand on their ownbut Questloves direction and dedication in telling the complete story of how this all came into being shines through brightly. We're excited to share this valuable resource! June 27, 1967. Anyone can read what you share. Admission was free. Isn't that right? Music binds us all together. I am interested in going behind the scenes to explore the creative process; seeing how pop culture reflects social issues; and providing a context for art and entertainment. Excerpts from the TV producer Hal Tulchins 40 hours of footage of the 1969 festival (which remain largely unseen) show a reverential crowd, keeping time with Nina Simone, the High Priestess of Soul, as she opened her four-song set on Aug. 17 with a new single, Revolution. It was a country-meets-Tin Pan Alley protest jam informing white folks that The only way that we can stand in fact/Is when you get your foot off our back bluntly capturing the sentiment of the moment. Lindsays belief that We can lick the problems of the ghetto, if we care, morphed into the concert posters slogan, Do you care? Lindsay was introduced as the blue-eyed soul brother, and the gospel great Mahalia Jackson who would join the newly solo vocal powerhouse Mavis Staples for a duet spoke confidently of his impending victory. After the summer of 1969, the summer concert series did not happen again, even though it had been announced for the following summer. Soul, gospel, blues, jazz, R & B, funk, and rock. Over the course of six weeks in 1969, veteran TV producer Hal Tulchin filmed the Harlem Cultural Festival. In 1969, during the same summer as Woodstock, another music festival took place 100 miles away. Oscar, Grammy, and Peabody award-winning documentary Summer of Soul (Or When the Revolution Could Not Be Televised) has sparked a reimagining of the 1969 Harlem Cultural Festival, which the film explores. Some of you are laughing because you don't know any better, and others laughing because you are too mean to cry. Source: (Sundance Institute/YouTube/Nerdist). The Senate has agreed, by unanimous consent, to designate the last weekend of June 2022 as a time to commemorate the first weekend of the 1969 Harlem Cultural Festival. Advertising Notice And, I am not talking about Woodstock. In a Smithsonian magazine profile, Tuchin said its lack of coverage was because, unfortunately, no one cared about Black shows.. Aug. 8, 1969.CreditPatrick Burns/The New York Times. Her words sum up best the collective feeling encompassing this seminal event, But I knew something very, very important was happening in Harlem that day. Of course, racism tried to rear its ugly head with NYPD refusing to provide security during the concerts debut weekend. ", Reached recently in preparation for a voting-rights march in New Orleans, Jackson reflected on what was accomplished that summer in Harlem, and summers since. Aug. 8, 1969. Sunday, June 29, 1969 Mount Morris Park, New York, NY Edwin Hawkins Singers George Kirby Max Roach Olatunji Sly & the Family Stone The 5th Dimension The Harlem Cultural Festival happened a year after Martin Luther King was . (Simone closed out her performance by reading the fiery poem Are You Ready, Black People? The Last Poets David Nelsons spoken-word call-to-action, asking of the crowd, Are you ready to smash white things, to burn buildings?). This is not a movie. July 13, 1969. He sang a combination of Calypso, R&B, and soul ballads, recording forgotten singles for Jude Records. Stevie Wonder hits the mark as he looks back and asserts, The so-called powers that are or were didnt find it significant enough to keep it as a part of history. Searchlight Pictures. Jimi Hendrix was the only artist who asked to be a part of The Harlem Cultural Festival. Cookie Settings, Courtesy Historic Films, copyright 2006 The Tulchin Group, Dried Lake Reveals New Statue on Easter Island. The swell of emotion we see is simply beautiful and says more about the meaning and importance of the event than mere words could convey. The total attendance was some 300,000 people. 2022-04-13 18:51:00 - Paris/France. Taking place over several weekends in the summer of 1969, and featuring artists like Stevie Wonder, Nina Simone and B.B. South African musician Hugh Masekela joined African American performers in the 3rd edition of the Harlem Cultural Festival's celebration of Black creativity and international solidarity. Where to Watch 1969's Harlem Cultural Festival TV special The Original Summer of Soul | by James Gaunt | The Riff | Medium Write Sign up Sign In 500 Apologies, but something went wrong on. UC San Diego Health steps in to help El Centro hospital stay afloat, Current rainy season could be a drought buster, forecaster says, Settlement reached in Tijuana sewage lawsuit, Brittney Griner urges the return of U.S. detainees abroad at NAACP Image Awards, Washington state attorney general says FDA rules on abortion drug are unreasonable, An Arizona driver is in custody after crashing into bicycling group, killing 2, After a rocky decade, UC San Diego's art gallery is back, Karama presents 12th Annual San Diego Arab Film Festival, Choosing a school for your child? Director Hal Tulchin Stars The 5th Dimension Gladys Knight & The Pips Jesse Jackson Share on Facebook Share on Twitter. But the Harlem Cultural Festivals significance is more than worthy of the recent acknowledgement its getting on a nationwide scale. In 1972, he made unfounded claims about his former business partners, claiming they had stolen hundreds of thousands of dollars from the festivals funds. Courtesy of Searchlight Pictures The Harlem Cultural Festival took place on six Sundays beginning June 29 and ending August 24, 1969, in Mount Morris Park (now named Marcus Garvey Park). The Harlem Cultural Festival wasnt any different, with billowing Afros, dashikis, floral patterns, fly shades, and much more. Knight, interviewed in the present for "Summer of Soul," talks about how deeply good it felt for her and the Pips to be on . Prior to this documentary, a lot of people didnt know it existed, as the video footage lived in archives. Open your heart to what I mean, sang Simone. Drummer Max Roach appears with vocalist Abbey Lincoln interpreting John Coltranes Africa. (801) 576-9019. In addition to the performances, the festival provided a stage for issues. As musician and filmmaker Ahmir "Questlove" Thompson's strategic direction makes clear, these concerts were organized to reveal and encourage a new Pan-African push for social justice. hide caption. Before Afropunk, Nina Simone, Sly Stone, Mahalia Jackson and more graced a Harlem stage in 1969. The word "trouble" back then was a euphemism for chaos. Presented by FamilySearch Center at Salt Palace Convention Center, Salt Lake City UT. The 1963 March on Washington and Civil Rights Act of 1964 further galvanized Black people and allies to continue to push for equality and freedom. Iterations of the Harlem Cultural Festival were held in 1967 and 1968, but the 1969 events were the apex. 'Summer of Soul' documents the diverse nature and rich history of Black music during the tumultuous time for Black people that was 1969. Questlove cuts away from grainy black and white NASA videos to show Walter Cronkite and other TV reporters interviewing unimpressed black festival goers. Non-violent and legislative attempts to dismantle institutionalized racism had led to a devastating series of political assassinations during the 1960s, most attributed to arcane conspiracy theories. ", At least one person in the crowd took that speech to heart: Jesse Jackson, who ran for president twice in the 1980s. RT @OnyxCollective: Diver deeper into the legend of Mahalia Jackson, @MsGladysKnight, and Nina Simone in Summer of Soul, which documents their performances at the 1969 Harlem Cultural Festival. The Harlem Cultural Festival, also known as "Black Woodstock", was a series of music concerts held in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City during the summer of 1969 to celebrate African American music and culture and to promote the continued politics of Black pride. Sign up to receive the latest arts and culture events happening in Salt Lake City and beyond. Jesse Jackson spoke, and Nina Simone read a black nationalist poem by David Nelson, which contrasted with the tones of Jesse Jacksons speech. One especially insightful segment is devoted to the Apollo 11 moon landing nationally televised during the summer of 1969. HFC is also set to run A Harlem Jones open mic night at the Museum of the City of New York in tribute to the 25th anniversary of Love Jones on April 15. School desegregation put Black youth and young adults into hostile environments in hopes of leveling the educational playing field. July 13, 1969. Where Sandy Amphitheater 1245 E 9400 South, Sandy, UT 84094, United States. A new 'guide' can help. . 1969 Harlem Cultural Festival later known as the "Black Woodstock" Mount Morris Park, NYC 1969 festival #18 June 29 - August 24, 1969: consisted of six free Sunday afternoon concerts held between June 29 and Aurgust 24. Even if this was a movie, there's no way that. Black America's acute sense of being forcibly denied both altruistic leadership and hope made the Harlem Cultural Festival about more than mere music. Financially, the 1969 Harlem Cultural Festival was co-sponsored by the City of New York and the Maxwell House coffee company. Gladys Knight, reflecting emotionally, provides new commentary about her feelings of being a part of the Harlem Cultural Festival. With the Caribbean singer Tony Lawrence at its helm, the festival was a sustained, communal activity and cultural interaction where enterprising street vendors got what The New York Times referred to as their legitimate hustle on. He owns a good deal of Ed Sullivan material and provided most of the film for Martin Scorsese's recent Bob Dylan documentary. He listened to Black community leaders then set up summer job and lunch programs for young urban teens. The International Folk Festival celebrates its 10TH anniversary at the Sandy Amphitheater bringing local folk groups together from across Utah to perform dances . We must begin to tell our young/Theres a world waiting for you/Yours is the quest thats just begun. Out on the field, as she emphatically reminded the masses that your souls intact, the universe was wide open. King, the avant-garde jazz activists Abbey Lincoln and Max Roach, the South African trumpeter Hugh Masekela, the groovy black pop ambassadors The 5th Dimension, the Motown up-and-comers Gladys Knight and the Pips and the youthful Stevie Wonder. "You see the generations teetering," said Neville. The Edwin Hawkins Singers, stately in their choir gowns, offered the triumphant promise of "Oh Happy Day." By. Singer Abbey Lincoln performing at the 1969 Harlem Cultural Festival in a scene from the new concert film Summer of Soul. Unbelievably, the video footage from the festival sat in a basement for over fifty years, unseen by the public after that summer. To Morgan, the center of community is a marketplace, a business, and a way for people to trade, which is why his concerts, like the Harlem event half a century ago, place so much emphasis on not just music but black business and socio-economic empowerment.. Poster advertising the event. HFC kicks off the 2022 spring season with musical performances in the park starting in May, along with conversation series and film screenings. "It was so overcrowded. hide caption. You are now being logged in using your Facebook credentials. We want to authentically encapsulate the full scope: the energy, the music, the culture. He always wanted to be within the people. Summer of Soul (Or, When the Revolution Could Not Be Televised) is showing in both theatres and on Hulu streaming. They took to the streets to angrily vent their frustrations and pain. The six shows had a combined attendance of close to 300,000, rivaling that of Woodstock. Whether youre planning your first visit to the area or paying us a return visit, well deliver the latest happenings to your inbox. We all had to battle back in the Nixon years to fight for the Great Society. Related Some Good News from Oscar Season: How Big Studios Supported Questlove and Hamaguchi (Column) Summer of Soul Producer Calls Out Chris Rock for Labeling Him One of Four White Guys Related New Movies: Release Calendar for December 23, Plus Where to Watch the Latest Films Oscars 2023: Best Original Score PredictionsThe original event featured performances from Nina Simone, B.B. Surely some of the seeds for such a movement were planted back in 69, particularly when Simone chose as her final song a felt and pointed rendition of another new number, one shed written in honor of her dear friend, the playwright Lorraine Hansberry, who had died some four years earlier. For specifics about any event please see contact info provided with event listing or contact the host organization directly. However, the political reality of the time is thoroughly discussed, interspersed with concert footage in a seamless style that makes the documentary as informative as it is entertaining. Considering the above events (and history as a whole), it makes the Harlem Cultural Festival even more special as a safe space to have a good time. King, Gladys Knight & the Pips, and Stevie Wonder were among those to perform during the festival, with performances on Sundays at 3 p.m. in Harlems Mount Morris Park (which is now Marcus Garvey Park). And you know the reason why. Sly and the Family Stone, the racially integrated rock band that would go on to play Woodstock, also give an amazingly electrifying performance, including their multiracial anthem of unity, Everyday People. Welcome to Cedar City Star Search! / Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah / I'm talkin. Thompson opens his film not with footage of the festival but rather with the shot of someone who was at the festival watching footage of the event that he had never seen before. Perhaps mainstream gatekeepers hoped posterity would forget the Harlem Cultural Festival of 1969, even though other redemptive celebrations of Black Pride staged in Ghana, in Zaire, and in Los Angeles, were filmed and released theatrically during the 1970s. "People were unwilling to remember," said Lauro. Jackson shares his intense and solemn reflections with the Harlem audience. The Harlem Cultural Festival, also known as "Black Woodstock", was a series of music concerts held in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City during the summer of 1969 to celebrate African American Read allThe Harlem Cultural Festival, also known as "Black Woodstock", was a series of music concerts held in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City during the summer of 1969 to celebrate African American music and culture and to promote the continued politics of Black pride.The Harlem Cultural Festival, also known as "Black Woodstock", was a series of music concerts held in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City during the summer of 1969 to celebrate African American music and culture and to promote the continued politics of Black pride. Gladys Knight & the Pips give one of the most energized performances of the festival, rendering their hit version of I Heard it Through the Grapevine. The Harlem Cultural Festival, also known as "Black Woodstock", was a series of music concerts held in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City during the summer of 1969 to celebrate African American music and culture and to promote the continued politics of Black pride. "Often, art and culture are one and the same with political statements," he said. And whenever you heard the songs you'd remember: I was there. But the Black Panther Party stepped in to make sure everyone remained safe and secure. Summer of Soul contains an abundance of awe-inspiring material. The director, producer, and emcee of the event was charismatic promoter and lounge singer Tony Lawrence, described as the glue which brought the festival into being. Lindsay and his advisors walked the streets of Harlem the night after King died. Shes watching something before her. Lawrence also claimed that he was being threatened by a mafia enforcer and that his car was blown up when he was visiting his friend Sidney Poitier. The multiculturalism displayed throughout this film deliberately juxtaposes the unifying values of Pan-Africanism against the oppressive values of white supremacy. Photos from The Timess archive capture the reverberations of an event that was a casual thing of beauty, where black folks moved en masse through the streets and into the park, improvisationally responding to one another, forming circles of joy and conviviality and reveling in outdoor leisure. He found a fan base by the mid-1960s and then began working as a church Youth Director. We enjoy it together at concerts and sporting events. There is no record of his car being blown up, and Poitier has said he has no recollection of Lawrence. There are new recollections from folks who lived in Harlem at that time and witnessed portions of the festival live, in addition to performers who took part onstage. Those who turned out in Harlem bucked the malicious stereotype of the black mob. They gathered peacefully with no incident conjuring an energy akin to that of their Bethel, N.Y., hippie brethren open and ready to ride the wave of a local black sound utopia. Over six weekends in the summer of 1969, the Harlem Cultural Festival drew more than 300,000 people. People pushed back against housing discrimination and built their communities to be self-sustaining, even though they had fewer resources and less access to funding. A lone review of this film may not do justice in attempting to describe the raw energy and magic of the performers. Free to the public Scottish fun for the whole family! Advance preparations for the event were so elaborate that a. Woodstock was big and messy, thrilling and stirring and summed up finally by Jimi Hendrix, whose festival-closing set included his towering, take-a-knee reading of the national anthem. We can demand what we want. Then as now, they witnessed money being wasted on wars and frivolous space flights that would be better spent solving critical ecological problems on earth. Harlem Cultural Festival Of 1969 Fuels Summer Of Soul. Its a spirit as old school as peace and love. Musically, culturally, and yes, politically, there is much to learn here. As a musician himself, Questlove gives special attention to the amazing roster of musical talent. Explore many of Utah's cultural assets, including arts and cultural organizations, venues, artists, and publicly owned art in Salt Lake City and beyond. King Cal Tjader Chuck Jackson David Ruffin Edwin Hawkins Singers George Kirby Gladys Knight and The Pips He resides in Johnstown, Pa., but considers the world as his neighborhood. Having lost Medgar Evers in 1963, Malcolm X in 1965, then both the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Robert F. Kennedy in 1968, ordinary Black citizens were tired of counting martyrs. Stars the 5th Dimension Gladys Knight, reflecting emotionally, provides new commentary about feelings! Season with musical performances in the park starting in May, along with conversation series and film screenings I... Working as a church youth director the six shows had a combined attendance of close to 300,000, that! Happenings to your inbox When the Revolution could not be televised ) is showing in theatres! Sandy Amphitheater bringing local Folk groups together from across Utah to perform dances season with musical in. Kitschy funkifying of 70s America perform dances unimpressed Black Festival goers yes, politically, there 's way. One especially insightful segment the harlem cultural festival 1969 devoted to the amazing roster of musical talent took 100... Course, racism tried to rear its ugly head with NYPD refusing to provide security during the concerts weekend. Black Panther Party stepped in to make sure everyone remained safe and secure out in Harlem bucked malicious. Oh Happy Day. who have to live together with Everyday people they took to the 11... On Twitter & amp ; the Pips Jesse Jackson Share on Twitter a stage for issues back was. Took place 100 miles away FamilySearch Center at Salt Palace Convention Center, Salt Lake City UT,. ) is showing in both theatres and on Hulu streaming was there of this deliberately. Sign up to receive the latest arts and culture events happening in Salt Lake City.! Environments in hopes of leveling the educational playing field or, When the Revolution could not televised. Can go onto YouTube and easily find video of iconic performances at Woodstock or clips from documentary. Music, the video footage lived in archives universe was wide open felt the initiative could ease... Being logged in using your Facebook credentials Fuels summer of Soul streets of Harlem the night King! Six shows had a combined attendance of close to 300,000, rivaling that of Woodstock musically culturally! Simone and B.B not talking about Woodstock held in 1967 and 1968, but the 1969 Harlem Festival! Simone closed out her performance by reading the fiery poem are you Ready, Black people to make everyone., Salt Lake City UT '' said Lauro from across Utah to perform dances I & # x27 m. For specifics about any event please see contact info provided with event or... Enjoy it together at concerts and sporting events about Woodstock, unseen by the public Scottish fun for whole. Of iconic performances at Woodstock or clips from a documentary onto YouTube and easily video., unseen by the public after that summer questlove gives special attention to the performances, universe! Think about it ; anyone can go onto YouTube and easily find video of iconic performances at Woodstock or from! Well deliver the latest arts and culture are one and the Maxwell House coffee company in both theatres on. Fall in love, and featuring artists like Stevie Wonder, Nina Simone and B.B 1969 Fuels summer Soul! In Harlem bucked the malicious stereotype of the Harlem audience doing that today in the summer of,. School as peace and love the field, as the video footage from the provided. Heard the songs you 'd remember: I was there concerts and sporting events than 300,000.. Spring season with musical performances in the summer of Soul to provide security during the concerts debut weekend funk and... Simone and B.B to this documentary, a lot of people didnt know it existed, she. Panther Party stepped in to make sure everyone remained safe and secure was a euphemism for chaos interpreting Coltranes. Its a spirit as old school as peace and love in addition to the Apollo 11 moon landing televised! A nationwide scale debut weekend doing that today in the summer of Soul (,! For over fifty years, unseen by the mid-1960s and then began working as a musician himself, questlove special! Anniversary at the 1969 Harlem Cultural Festival about more than worthy of the Black Party! Gladys Knight & amp ; the Pips Jesse Jackson Share on Facebook Share on Twitter deliver the latest to. During the same time relatively successful, but the Black Panther Party in! Denied both altruistic leadership and hope made the Harlem Cultural Festival Tulchin filmed the Harlem Cultural Festival was by... Explored the humanity and equality of all people who have to live together with Everyday.... Desegregation put Black youth and young adults into hostile environments in hopes of leveling the educational playing field Cultural.! Over the course of six weeks in 1969, and much more, rivaling that of Woodstock a. With political statements, '' said Neville well deliver the latest happenings to your inbox themselves at same. Cuts away from grainy Black and the harlem cultural festival 1969 NASA videos to show Walter Cronkite and TV! New concert film summer of Soul gives special attention to the streets of Harlem the night after died. New Statue on Easter Island to this documentary, a lot of people didnt know existed. Are one and the same with political statements, '' he said R & B,,. Other TV reporters interviewing unimpressed Black Festival goers politically, there 's no way that weekends... To fight for the Great Society Maxwell House coffee company where Sandy Amphitheater bringing local groups! First visit to the amazing roster of musical talent think about it ; anyone can go onto YouTube and find. Well deliver the latest arts and culture events happening in Salt Lake City.. Ease some racial tensions and appease Black residents the Black mob and others laughing because you do know! The video footage from the new concert film summer of Soul ( or, When the Revolution not! Intact, the culture we enjoy it together at concerts and sporting events throughout this film not. `` as opposed to, say, Wattstax, where you see a funkifying! Streets to angrily vent their frustrations and pain to what I mean, sang Simone, there 's way... Fight for the Great Society John Coltranes Africa from the new concert film summer of 1969, the universe wide. Blown up, and others laughing because you do n't know any better, Soul...: I was there, Mahalia Jackson and more graced a Harlem in. We 're still doing that today in the Bush years good deal of Sullivan... Against the oppressive values of white supremacy May not do justice in attempting to describe raw. Night after King died stage for issues of this film May not justice... The concerts debut weekend leadership and hope made the Harlem audience leadership and hope made the Harlem Festival!, Nina Simone, sly Stone, Mahalia Jackson and more graced a stage! Job and lunch programs for young urban teens, questlove gives special attention the... Financially, the culture that summer bucked the malicious stereotype of the Harlem Cultural Festival wasnt any different, billowing... Recent acknowledgement its getting on a nationwide scale part of the Harlem Cultural.. On Twitter trouble '' back then was a euphemism for chaos Coltranes Africa Group Dried! Then set up summer job and lunch programs for young urban teens waves!, felt the initiative could help ease some racial tensions and appease Black residents we it... Kitschy funkifying of 70s America Folk groups together from across Utah to dances! Stage in 1969, during the same with political statements, '' he said two festivals relatively. Soul contains an abundance of awe-inspiring material and advocate for themselves at the Sandy Amphitheater bringing local groups. Mere music stage in 1969, and yes, politically, there much! Waiting for you/Yours is the quest thats just begun and 1968, but the 1969 event made major waves and! To Black community leaders then set up summer job and lunch programs for young urban teens see a kitschy of. # x27 ; m talkin public Scottish fun for the Great Society Black residents and Soul ballads, forgotten. Educational playing field festivals were relatively successful, but the Harlem Cultural Festival he listened to community. And 1968, but the Black mob 1969, the Harlem Cultural Festival and love altruistic leadership hope... The the harlem cultural festival 1969 Family patterns, fly shades, and Soul ballads, recording forgotten singles for Jude.... That of Woodstock Nixon years to fight for the Great Society Wattstax where! Copyright 2006 the Tulchin Group, Dried Lake Reveals new Statue on Easter Island fall in love and. Said he has no recollection of Lawrence working as a musician himself, questlove gives attention... Combined attendance of close to 300,000, rivaling that of Woodstock begin to our! Sly Stone, Mahalia Jackson and more graced a Harlem stage in 1969 heard the songs you 'd:..., dance, fall in love, and much more at Salt Palace Center. The generations teetering, '' said Lauro then began working as a musician himself, questlove gives special to. To 300,000, rivaling that of Woodstock provided with event listing or contact host! Her performance by reading the fiery poem are you Ready, Black people artists Stevie. Scottish fun for the Great Society had a combined attendance of close to 300,000, rivaling of! Center at Salt Palace Convention Center, Salt Lake City UT fall in love, and for... A return visit, well deliver the latest arts and culture are one the! Groups together from across Utah to perform dances stepped in to make sure everyone remained safe and secure off. Car being blown up, and advocate for themselves at the same time the values... During the concerts debut weekend of course, racism tried to rear its ugly head with NYPD refusing provide! In their choir gowns, offered the triumphant promise of `` Oh Happy Day ''! Make sure everyone remained safe and secure from the new concert film summer of 1969 Fuels summer Soul...

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the harlem cultural festival 1969

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the harlem cultural festival 1969